Entreprise Sustainability in Marginalized Communities: A Socio-Economic Analysis of Tribal Entrepreneurs in Kerala

Abstract

This study examines the influence of the demographic factors on the sustainability of the NWFP based enterprises by the tribal entrepreneurs in Kerala with the role of start-ups and other capacity development programmes. The study uses quantitative research design using the primary data collection through questionnaire from 300 tribal entrepreneurs across 3 regions in Kerala. The data were evaluated by using Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) software version 4 for finding the relationship of demographic factors on the sustainability. Demographic factors include Gender, Marital Status, Experience, Community and Line of business. The study findings reveals that entrepreneurial experience is the main factor that influences the sustainability. Other demographic factors show weak direct relationship on sustainability. Marital status does not exhibit on the sustainability of the tribal enterprises. The findings suggest that demographic factors themselves are insufficient for the sustainability unless there are a proper entrepreneurial experience and institutional support.  The policymakers and agencies should prioritize capacity building, skill development special training programs to the tribal entrepreneurs. Continuous training, mentorship, and experiential learning opportunities can significantly enhance enterprise sustainability, particularly in NWFP-based livelihoods that are highly sensitive to ecological and market uncertainties.