Evaluation of Antidiabetic activity of Costus spicatus flower in wistar albino rat against alloxan induced diabetes

Abstract

Costus spicatus is a commonly utilized medicinal plant abundant in phytoconstituents such as flavonoid glycosides, terpenoids, tannins, and resins, employed in the management of diabetes. This study sought to assess the hypoglycemic effects of ethanolic extract of Costus spicatus buds (ECSB) given at various dosages over 21 days in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The administration of the extract at dosages of 100 and 200 mg/kg/bw considerably (???? < 0.001) enhanced body weight, reduced water and feed consumption, lowered fasting blood glucose levels, and rectified lipid metabolism imbalances in diabetic rats. The ECSB demonstrates antidiabetic properties, with a dosage of 200 mg/kg/bw exhibiting the most effective hypoglycemic action, comparable to glibenclamide, a common hypoglycemic agent. The extract, at all tested dosages, normalized renal function indices and hematological markers in the diabetic rats. This study shown that, along its hypoglycemic effects, ECSB may also safeguard the kidney and blood from damage caused by diabetes. The ECSB's activity is attributed to the abundance of potent antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds in the ethanolic extract of Costus spicatus buds.